In his essay “The Gulf War Did Not Take Place,” French philosopher and social theorist Jean Baudrillard argues that the Persian Gulf War of 1990-1991 was more a media spectacle than an actual military conflict. In support of this claim, Baudrillard presents a number of observations about the events leading up to, during, and after the war.
Baudrillard first notes that before the war began, there was very little talk about the possibility of Saddam Hussein’s Iraq invading Kuwait. Instead, all of the focus was on the build-up of American troops in Saudi Arabia. This led Baudrillard to believe that the war had more to do with America’s need to prove its military might than with any real threat posed by Iraq.
He also notes that during the war itself, there was very little fighting between Iraqi and coalition forces. The vast majority of “casualties” were actually civilians who were killed by so-called “smart bombs” or by disease and starvation caused by the destruction of infrastructure. In addition, most of the footage shown on television consisted of computer-generated simulations rather than actual battle footage. For these reasons, Baudrillard believes that the Gulf War was more a media event than an actual war.
Finally, Baudrillard observes that in the aftermath of the war, very little has changed. Saddam Hussein is still in power and Kuwait is still under Iraqi control. The only thing that has changed is that America has managed to maintain its position as the world’s lone superpower.
In conclusion, Baudrillard claims that the Gulf War was more a media event than an actual conflict. He supports this claim with observations about the build-up to the war, the conduct of the war itself, and the aftermath of the war. While some may disagree with Baudrillard’s assessment, it is impossible to deny that media plays a significant role in our perceptions of international conflicts.